Our Science

Engineering vaccinia to overcome immune resistance

Our Vaccinia Enhanced Template (VET™) platform enables the engineering of tumor-selective oncolytic vaccinia viruses with targeted delivery capabilities and diverse therapeutic payloads. Our lead candidate, VET3-TGI, combines direct tumor lysis with TGF-β inhibition and IL-12 expression, built to make “cold” tumors “hot” and “hot” tumors “hotter.”

The problem

Three key barriers to durable response

Most patients relapse on, or never respond to, checkpoint inhibitors. TGF-β is a potent suppressor of immunity and a major factor in whether patients respond to checkpoint therapy, yet no TGF-β inhibitor has been approved for cancer, largely because of poor specificity and tumor infiltration. VET3-TGI delivers a novel TGF-β inhibitor directly into the tumor.

Barrier
The VET™ solution

Cold tumors

Too few antigens and danger signals to trigger immunity

Tumor lysis + viral replication

Releases antigens and PAMPs, designed to turn cold tumors hot

Immunosuppressive microenvironment

TGF-β, regulatory T cells and MDSCs block T-cell entry and function

TGF-β inhibitor payload

Designed to remodel the tumor microenvironment and reopen tumors to immune cells

T-cell exhaustion

Chronic exposure leaves T cells unable to fight

IL-12 cytokine expression

Drives potent, synergistic T-cell activation

The VET™ platform

Lead clinical candidate: VET3-TGI

A Western Reserve vaccinia virus engineered with VET™ backbone modifications and two therapeutic transgenes, IL-12 and a TGF-β inhibitor, expressed locally in the tumor.

Illustration of a VET virus and its engineered genome
Backbone

Tumor-selective replication

Full deletion of the viral thymidine kinase and the A52R NF-κB inhibitor is designed to restrict replication to tumor cells, destroying them and releasing tumor antigens with increased selectivity.

Backbone

Targeted delivery

A chemokine receptor engineered into the backbone for targeted systemic delivery to CXCL9-, CXCL10- and CXCL11-expressing tumors.

Payload

IL-12

A potent, pro-inflammatory type 1 cytokine that induces and enhances cell-mediated antitumor immunity at the tumor site.

Payload

TGF-β inhibition

A novel mini-monomer binds the TGF-β type II receptor and blocks TGF-β signaling, a pathway linked to immune exclusion and reduced antitumor T-cell function.

Discovery research

Engineering the next generation of oncolytic immunotherapies

KaliVir’s integrated discovery and research capabilities enable the design, engineering, and preclinical evaluation of novel oncolytic vaccinia candidates. Leveraging our proprietary VET™ platform and expertise in viral engineering, tumor immunology, and therapeutic payload development, we continuously explore new approaches to enhance tumor targeting, immune activation, and antitumor activity.

Our discovery capabilities support both the advancement of our proprietary pipeline and research collaborations with strategic partners.

Next-generation payloads

Integrating novel therapeutic payloads, such as cytokines and bispecific antibodies, into our proprietary vaccinia delivery vehicles.

Systemic delivery

Advancing VET™ modifications designed for intravenous delivery, to reach metastatic disease beyond injectable tumors.

VET6-PDI

A next-generation oncolytic vaccinia candidate built on our VET™ platform, combining tumor-selective replication with a novel, undisclosed therapeutic payload. VET6-PDI is in preclinical development for advanced or metastatic solid tumors.

Intellectual property

An extensive global patent estate, with protection extending through 2037 to at least 2043 in major markets.

Multiple owned and exclusively licensed patent families across the U.S., Canada, Europe and Asia-Pacific, including China and Japan, cover composition of matter, manufacturing and process, therapeutic applications of VET™-derived viruses, each lead program and therapeutic transgene, and delivery.

Publications & presentations

41st Annual Meeting & Pre-Conference Programs
2026

Advance the science, discover breakthroughs and educate the world on cancer immunotherapy.

Speaker: Yana Najjar, MD

OncLive
2026

Dr Najjar on Data for the Oncolytic Virus VET3-TGI in Advanced Solid Tumors

Yana Najjar, MD

Molecular Therapy
2026

The oncolytic viral immunotherapy ASP1012 optimizes memory T cell responses after systemic delivery

Ravikumar Muthuswamy, Carly Carter, Ming Zhang,1 Padma Sampath, Gabriella Acosta-Barreto, Sydney Audino, Jirapach Moongdee, Rachel Bouchard, Deanna Dunstane, Nick Matteo, Kyle Biery, Monica Cantos, Brianna Wilkins, Shinsuke Nakao, Masahisa Hemmi, Kimberly M. Brothers, and Stephen H. Thorne

Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
2026

Intravenously deliverable oncolytic virus VET3-TGI favorably alters the tumor microenvironment

Zhang M, Barrett K,Carter C, et al.

2026;14:e015643. doi:10.1136/jitc-2026-015643

Oncolytic Virotherapy Summit 2023
Boston, MA

VET3-TGI, a TGF-Beta Targeting Clinical Oncolytic Virus Developed from the VET Platform for Systemic Delivery

Speaker: Steve Thorne, PhD

15th Annual International Oncolytic Virotherapy Conference 2023
Banff, AB, Canada

Novel Oncolytic Viral Immunotherapy VET3-TGI displays enhanced systemic delivery and inhibits TGF β -signaling while augmenting Type-1 immune response in the tumor

Speaker: Steve Thorne, PhD